ABSTRACT
Recent evidence suggests that cell-derived circulating miRNAs may serve as biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases. However, a few studies have investigated the potential of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). In this study, we aimed to characterize the miRNA profiles that could distinguish hypertensive patients with LHV, hypertensive patients without LVH and control subjects, and identify potential miRNAs as biomarkers of LVH. LVH was defined by left ventricular mass indexed to body surface area >125 g/m2 in men and >110 g/m2 in women and patients were classified as hypertensive when presenting a systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or more, or a diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or more. We employed miRNA PCR array to screen serum miRNAs profiles of patients with LVH, essential hypertension and healthy subjects. We identified 75 differentially expressed miRNAs, including 49 upregulated miRNAs and 26 downregulated miRNAs between LVH and control patients. We chose 2 miRNAs with significant differences for further testing in 59 patients. RT-PCR analysis of serum samples confirmed that miR-7-5p and miR-26b-5p were upregulated in the serum of LVH hypertensive patients compared with healthy subjects. Our findings suggest that these miRNAs may play a role in the pathogenesis of hypertensive LVH and may represent novel biomarkers for this disease.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Hypertension/blood , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/blood , MicroRNAs/blood , Analysis of Variance , Biomarkers/blood , Case-Control Studies , Down-Regulation , Gene Expression Profiling/methods , Hypertension/genetics , Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/genetics , Predictive Value of Tests , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Reference Standards , Reference Values , Risk Factors , Up-RegulationABSTRACT
A Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) tem alta prevalência e, apesar de ser considerado um dos principais fatores de risco modificáveis, tem baixas taxas de controle. A adesão ao tratamento, assim como o uso correto dos medicamentos, são fatores preponderantes para o sucesso terapêutico. A pesquisa teve como objetivo implantar um estudo piloto de Atenção Farmacêutica para pacientes hipertensos em farmácia privada, utilizando o método Dáder por um período de cinco meses. Os pacientes (n=20) foram divididos em grupo controle e grupo intervenção. Os dois grupos tiveram a pressão arterial (PA) aferida no início do estudo e ao final, mas apenas o grupo intervenção recebeu acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico e teve a PA aferida em média três vezes por semana. Do total de pacientes, 70% (14) apresentaram algum tipo de Resultado Negativo Associado ao Medicamento (RNM), sendo que RNM 1 está relacionado a não adesão à terapia, o mais encontrado. Foram realizadas intervenções farmacêuticas, sendo a grande maioria (73,7%) educativa. Notou-se que os pacientes passaram a ter maior adesão à terapêutica após conhecerem melhor suas enfermidades e seus medicamentos. Dentre os 20 pacientes que participaram do estudo, 45% apresentaram PA descontrolada (? 140x90 mmHg) na primeira entrevista. Após as intervenções farmacêuticas o número foi reduzido para 20%. No grupo intervenção, a média da PA sistólica e a da PA diastólica apresentou redução respectivamente de 17mmHg e 8mmHg. Pode- se concluir que as intervenções farmacêuticas promovem a melhora dos níveis pressóricos e são efetivas no sentido de otimizar os resultados terapêuticos assim como obter melhoria na qualidade de vida dos pacientes.(AU)
Arterial Hypertension (HBP) has a high prevalence. Despite being considered one of the major modifiable risk factors, has low control rates. Adherence to treatment added to the correct use of medicines are important factors for therapeutic success. The research aimed to deploy a pilot study of pharmaceutical care for hypertensive patients in private pharmacy during five months using Dáder method. Patients (n = 20) were divided into ?control group? and ?intervention group?. Both groups had blood pressure (BP) measured at baseline and at the end , but only the intervention group received pharmacotherapy follow-up and had BP measured three times a week . Of all patients, 70 % (14) had some sort of Negative Outcomes associated with Medication (NOM). The NOM 1, which is related to therapy non-adherence was the most found. The majority of pharmaceutical interventions (73.7 %) conducted were about health education. It was noted that patients have greater adherence to therapy after knowing better their illnesses and their medications. Among the 20 patients who participated in the pilot study, 45 % had uncontrolled BP (?140x90mmHg) in the first interview. After pharmaceutical interventions this number was reduced to 20 %. In the intervention group, the mean systolic and diastolic BP had a significant reduction of 17 mmHg and 8mmHg, respectively. It can be concluded that pharmaceutical interventions to promote improvement in blood pressure levels are effective in order to optimize therapeutic outcomes as well as achieving improvements in the quality of life of patients.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Pharmaceutical Services , HypertensionABSTRACT
We studied the diet of the ocelot and puma during the years 2007 and 2008 at the Feliciano Miguel Abdala Reserve, in Minas Gerais, south-eastern Brazil. We collected 49 faecal samples (scats) from cats, and identified the species of cat from 23 of them by the analysis of the microstructure patterns of hairs found in their faeces: 17 scats of the puma (Puma concolor) and six of the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis). In the puma scats, we identified three species of primates (Brachyteles hypoxanthus, Alouatta guariba and Sapajus nigritus), the remains of which were found in eight of 17 collected (47.1%), representing 26.7% of items consumed. For the ocelot, we detected capuchin monkey (S. nigritus) remains in three of the six scats (50%), accounting for 18.7% of items consumed by ocelot. We were unable to identify the cat species in the remaining 26 faecal samples, but we were able to analyse the food items present. Primates were found in five of these 26 faeces (19.2%) and represented 10.2% of the items found. Although the sample size is limited, our results indicate a relatively high consumption of primates by felines. We believe that this high predation may be the result of the high local density of primates as well as the greater exposure to the risks of predation in fragmented landscapes, which tends to increase the incidence of the primates using the ground.
Nós estudamos a dieta de jaguatiricas e onças-pardas entre os anos de 2007 e 2008 na Reserva Feliciano Miguel Abdala, em Minas Gerais, sudeste do Brasil. Nós coletamos 49 amostras fecais de felinos, em 23 das quais foi possível a identificação do predador através da análise do padrão microestrutural dos seus pelos encontrados nas fezes, sendo 17 fezes de onça-parda (Puma concolor) e seis de jaguatirica (Leopardus pardalis). Nas amostras de onça-parda nós identificamos três espécies de primatas (Brachyteles hypoxanthus, Alouatta guariba e Sapajus nigritus), cujas partes não digeridas foram encontradas em oito das 17 fezes coletadas, representando 26,7% dos itens consumidos por onças-pardas. Para jaguatirica, nós detectamos macacos-prego (S. nigritus) em três de seis fezes, o que correspondeu a 18,7% dos itens consumidos. Para as 26 amostras fecais restantes, cuja identificação do predador não foi possível, nós analisamos os itens alimentares presentes. Restos de primatas foram identificados em cinco dessas fezes (19,3%), representando 10,2% dos itens encontrados. Apesar do tamanho da amostra ser limitado, nossos resultados indicam uma taxa relativamente alta de consumo de primatas por felinos. Nós acreditamos que essa alta taxa de predação pode ser resultado da grande densidade local de primatas, bem como do aumento do risco de predação em paisagens fragmentadas, o que tende a aumentar a incidência do uso do chão por parte dos primatas.
Subject(s)
Animals , Felidae/physiology , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Predatory Behavior/physiology , Brazil , Feces , Forests , Felidae/classification , Puma/physiologyABSTRACT
A total of 76 samples of Streptococcus suis isolated from meningitis cases in pigs from 2005 to 2009 were evaluated. The samples were collected from 3 to 21-week-old pigs raised in 30 farms located in Paraná state, Brazil. The samples of S. suis were obtained as part of routine procedures and were serotyped by coagglutination test using rabbit hyperimmune sera for the serotypes 1 to 9 and ½. S. suis type 2 was the most frequent, followed by serotypes 1, ½ and 3.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Genetic studies indicate that nonsyndromic cleft lip/palate (NSCLP) has the characteristics of a complex genetic trait. Reports from different authors have suggested several candidate genes mapping in different chromosome regions. Association studies have suggested that a clefting locus is located on chromosome 6p. On these grounds we have investigated the possible association between five microsatellite markers located on 6p22-25 and NSCLP. AIM: To test the hypothesis on the possible association of a clefting locus with microsatellite markers located in 6p22-25. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 54 unrelated case-parent trios that comprise 54 NSCLP probands and 108 parents. Five microsatellite markers spanning the region 6p22-25 were analyzed for each individual by means of polymerase chain reaction with fluorescent labeled microsatellite markers. Electrophoresis of the PCR products was performed on a laser-fluorescent DNA sequencer. Nonparametric ETDT and MCETDT programs, were used to analyze the genotype data. RESULTS: The family based association study showed that for the genotype wise analysis, only D6S259 presented a significant p-value (0.03). Nevertheless no individual allele of this marker showed an evident preferential transmission from heterozygous parents to affected offspring. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study do not show a clear evidence that a candidate gene for NSCLP may be located within or near the analyzed chromosome region in our sample. Nevertheless, it must be emphasized that the genotype wise analysis shows a significant p-value for D6S259 marker.